Electro-optical device and electronic apparatus

ABSTRACT

In an electro-optical device, a pixel electrode includes a lamination film in which a first transparent conductive film, a refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and a second transparent conductive film are sequentially laminated. In the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film, projecting parts, which project from the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, form a connection section. A data line, a scan line, and the like form a light shading layer which defines the transparent area of the pixel electrode, and the connection section is provided in an area which overlaps the light shading layer in planar view.

BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electro-optical device, which includes a pixel electrode in which a refractive index adjusting dielectric film is laminated between a plurality of transparent conductive films, and an electronic apparatus.

2. Related Art

An electro-optical device, such as a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus, includes a first substrate which has a transparent pixel electrode on one surface side, and a second substrate which is provided with a transparent common electrode that faces one surface of the first substrate. In the electro-optical device, for example, while light emitted from the side of the second substrate is emitted after passing through the first substrate, light modulation is performed through a liquid crystal layer, thereby displaying an image. At this time, if wavelength dispersion occurs when light passes through the common electrode, the quality of an image is deteriorated. Here, a technology has been proposed that forms the common electrode using a lamination film in which a refractive index adjusting dielectric film is laminated between a plurality of transparent conductive films (refer to JP-A-2014-92691).

There is a problem in which dispersion of the wavelength occurs, even when light passes through the pixel electrode. Therefore, it is preferable to form the pixel electrode using the lamination film. However, when the pixel electrode is formed and, for example, if the pixel electrode is formed in such a way that a first transparent conductive film, a refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and a second transparent conductive film are sequentially laminated, and the films are collectively patterned, the second transparent conductive film enters a potentially-float state. Therefore, a state, in which it is difficult to drive a liquid crystal layer, or a state, in which it is necessary to apply extremely high drive voltage to a pixel electrode, is caused, and thus it is not preferable.

SUMMARY

An advantage of some aspects of the invention is to provide an electro-optical device, which can be properly driven, even when a pixel electrode is formed of a lamination film in which a refractive index adjusting dielectric film is laminated between transparent conductive films, and an electronic apparatus.

According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided an electro-optical device including: a transparent substrate; a transparent pixel electrode that is provided on one surface side of the substrate; and a light shading layer that is provided between the substrate and the pixel electrode, and defines a transparent area of the pixel electrode, in which the pixel electrode includes, at least, a first transparent conductive film, a refractive index adjusting dielectric film which is laminated on a side opposite to the substrate of the first transparent conductive film, a second transparent conductive film which is laminated on a side opposite to the substrate of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and a connection section that electrically connects the first transparent conductive film to the second transparent conductive film in a location at which the connection section overlaps the light shading layer in planar view.

According to the aspect of the invention, the pixel electrode includes a lamination film in which at least the first transparent conductive film, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and the second transparent conductive film are laminated, and thus it is possible to suppress the dispersion of the wavelength of light which passes through the pixel electrode. In addition, in the pixel electrode, the connection section which connects the first transparent conductive film to the second transparent conductive film is provided, and thus it is possible to apply a potential, which is the same as that of the first transparent conductive film, to the second transparent conductive film. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply a high drive voltage to the pixel electrode, and thus it is possible to perform proper driving. In addition, the connection section is provided in an area which overlaps light shading layer in planar view, and thus a situation, in which the connection section reduces the amount of light that passes through the pixel electrode, does not easily occur.

According to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the connection section is a part at which the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film project from an end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film and come into contact with each other. Here, the connection section is provided at end portion of the pixel electrode, and thus it is easy to provide the connection section in the area which overlaps the light shading layer in planar view.

According to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film are provided to be the same shape. Here, it is possible to continuously pattern the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film, and thus it is possible to increase productivity.

According to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the connection section is provided to surround a periphery of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film. Here, it is possible to reduce the electrical resistance of the whole pixel electrode.

According to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the electro-optical device further includes a projection portion that protrudes toward a side of the pixel electrode between the pixel electrode and the substrate; a relay electrode that includes a conduction section which overlaps a tip end surface of the projection portion; and a first insulation film that includes a flat surface which is provided on a side opposite to the substrate for the relay electrode and exposes the conduction section to a side opposite to the substrate, and the pixel electrode comes into contact with an exposure part of the conduction section from the flat surface. Here, a large uneven part is hardly generated on the surface of the pixel electrode.

According to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the electro-optical device further includes a second insulation film that is laminated on a side opposite to the substrate for the first insulation film with a film thickness, which is thinner than a height of the projection portion, and that is formed with an opening which overlaps the conduction section in planar view, and the pixel electrode is electrically conducted to the conduction section through the opening. Here, it is possible to cause a part, which overlaps the pixel electrode in planar view, in the second insulation film, to function as the refractive index adjusting dielectric film for suppressing the dispersion of the wavelength of light. In this case, the opening is shallow, and thus a large uneven part is hardly generated on the surface of the pixel electrode.

According to the aspect of the invention, the electro-optical device further includes a capacity electrode which is provided to overlap the relay electrode in planar view, and to which a constant potential is applied; and a dielectric layer which is laminated between the first electrode and the capacity electrode.

In the case, it is possible to use a state in which the projection portion overlaps the capacity electrode in planar view. Here, it is possible to use the thickness or the like of the capacity electrode to form the shape of the projection portion.

In the electro-optical device according to the aspect of the invention, it is possible to use various display apparatuses, such as a direct-viewing type display apparatus, in various electronic apparatuses. In addition, it is possible to use the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied as a projection-type display apparatus. The projection-type display apparatus includes a light source section that emits illumination light which is irradiated into the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied; and a projection optical system that projects light which is modulated by the electro-optical device.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing an electro-optical device which includes a transparent substrate; a transparent pixel electrode that is provided on one surface side of the substrate; and a light shading layer that is provided between the substrate and the pixel electrode and defines a transparent area of the pixel electrode, in which a process of forming the pixel electrode includes, at least, forming a first transparent conductive film on the substrate; laminating a refractive index adjusting dielectric film on a side opposite to the substrate of the first transparent conductive film; partially exposing the first transparent conductive film by etching an area which overlaps the light shading layer of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film in planar view; laminating a second transparent conductive film on a side opposite to the substrate of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and providing a connection section which connects the first transparent conductive film to the second transparent conductive film at an exposure part from the refractive index adjusting dielectric film of the first transparent conductive film; and patterning the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film such that a part, which overlaps at least the transparent area in planar view, and the connection section remain.

According to the aspect of the invention, the pixel electrode includes, at least, a lamination film in which the first transparent conductive film, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, and the second transparent conductive film are laminated, and thus it is possible to suppress the dispersion of the wavelength of light which passes through the pixel electrode. In addition, in the pixel electrode, the connection section is provided to connect the first transparent conductive film to the second transparent conductive film. Therefore, it is possible to apply a potential, which is the same as that of the first transparent conductive film, to the second transparent conductive film. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply a high drive voltage to the pixel electrode, that is, it is possible to perform proper driving. In addition, the connection section is provided in an area which overlaps the light shading layer in planar view, and thus a situation, in which the connection section reduces the amount of light that passes through the pixel electrode, does not easily occur. Further, when the refractive index adjusting dielectric film is etched during the partial exposure of the first transparent conductive film, it is possible to use the first transparent conductive film as an etching stopper.

In the electro-optical device manufacturing method according to the aspect of the invention, it is preferable that the patterning includes patterning the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film to have the same shape. Here, it is possible to continuously pattern the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film, and thus it is possible to increase productivity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like numbers reference like elements.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an aspect of an electrical configuration of an electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an aspect of a liquid crystal panel using the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the liquid crystal panel illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating an aspect of adjacent pixels in the first substrate of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically illustrating an aspect of a pixel of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a pixel transistor illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a source electrode and a first drain electrode illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of a data line and a second drain electrode illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 9 is a plan view of a capacity line illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a capacity electrode and a dielectric layer illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a relay electrode illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 12 is a plan view of a pixel electrode illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

FIG. 13 is a sectional view illustrating a process for a method of manufacturing the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view illustrating a process for a method of manufacturing the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 15 is a sectional view illustrating a process for a method of manufacturing the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 16 is a sectional view illustrating a process for a method of manufacturing the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 1 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 2 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 3 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 4 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 5 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 6 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an aspect of a projection-type display apparatus (electronic apparatus) using an electro-optical device to which the invention is applied.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Meanwhile, in the drawings which are referred to below, each layer and each member are shown in sizes which can be recognized on the drawing, and thus the scales thereof are different for each layer and each member. In addition, when a driving method of reversing the direction of current which flows through a pixel transistor is used, a source and a drain are replaced. However, in the description below, a side to which a pixel electrode is connected (pixel side source-drain region) is set to a drain, and a side to which a data line is connected (data line side source-drain region) is set to a source. In addition, when a layer which is formed on a first substrate is described, an upper layer side or a surface side means a side (side on which a second substrate is located) opposite to a side on which the substrate main body of the first substrate is located, and a lower layer side means a side (side opposite to a side on which the second substrate is located) on which the substrate main body of the first substrate is located.

Description of Electro-optical device (Liquid Crystal Apparatus)

Whole Configuration

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an aspect of an electrical configuration of an electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. Meanwhile, FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating only the electrical configuration. Therefore, a layout, such as a direction in which a capacity electrode or the like extends, is schematically illustrated.

In FIG. 1, an electro-optical device 100 (liquid crystal apparatus) of the embodiment includes a liquid crystal panel 100 p in a Twisted Nematic (TN) mode or a Vertical Alignment (VA) mode, and the liquid crystal panel 100 p includes an image display area 10 a (pixel area) in which a plurality of pixels 100 a are arranged in a matrix shape at the central area thereof. In the liquid crystal panel 100 p, a plurality of data lines 5 a and a plurality of scan lines 3 a extend in longitudinal and lateral directions on a first substrate 10 (refer to FIG. 2), which will be described later, inside the image display area 10 a, and the pixels 100 a are formed in the locations corresponding to the intersections thereof. In each of the plurality of pixels 100 a, a pixel transistor 30, which includes a field effect transistor or the like, and a pixel electrode 9 a, which will be described later, are formed. The data line 5 a is electrically connected to the source of the pixel transistor 30, the scan line 3 a is electrically connected to the gate of the pixel transistor 30, and the pixel electrode 9 a is electrically connected to the drain of the pixel transistor 30.

In the first substrate 10, a scan line drive circuit 104 and a data line drive circuit 101 are provided on the outer circumferential side of the image display area 10 a. The data line drive circuit 101 is electrically connected to each of the data lines 5 a, and sequentially supplies an image signal, which is supplied from the image processing circuit, to each of the data lines 5 a. The scan line drive circuit 104 is electrically connected to each of the scan lines 3 a, and sequentially supplies a scan signal to each of the scan lines 3 a.

In each pixel 100 a, the pixel electrode 9 a faces a common electrode formed on a second substrate 20 (refer to FIG. 2), which will be described later, through a liquid crystal layer, and forms a liquid crystal capacity 50 a. A maintenance capacity 55 is added to each pixel 100 a in parallel to the liquid crystal capacity 50 a in order to prevent variation in an image signal which is maintained in the liquid crystal capacity 50 a. In the embodiment, in order to form the maintenance capacity 55, a capacity line 6 a, to which a constant potential (common potential) is applied, is provided, and the capacity line 6 a is electrically conducted to a constant potential line 5 c.

Configuration of Liquid Crystal Panel 100 p

FIG. 2 is a plan view illustrating an aspect of the liquid crystal panel 100 p using the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied. FIG. 3 is a sectional view (III-III sectional view) of the liquid crystal panel 100 p illustrated in FIG. 2.

As illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the liquid crystal panel 100 p, the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are bonded by a seal material 107 through a predetermined gap, and the seal material 107 is provided in a frame shape along the outer edge of the second substrate 20. The seal material 107 is an adhesive, which is formed of a photo curable resin or a thermosetting resin, and gap materials, such as glass fibers or glass beads, are combined in order to set the distance between both the substrates to a predetermined value.

In the liquid crystal panel 100 p of the embodiment, both the first substrate 10 and second substrate 20 have a square shape, and the image display area 10 a, which is described with reference to FIG. 1, is provided approximately at the center of the liquid crystal panel 100 p as a square-shaped area. The seal material 107 is also provide approximately in a square shape so as to correspond to the shapes of the substrates, and an approximately square-shaped peripheral area 10 b is provided in a frame shape between the inner periphery of the seal material 107 and the outer periphery of the image display area 10 a. In the first substrate 10, the data line drive circuit 101 and a plurality of terminals 102 are formed along one edge of the first substrate 10 on the outer side of the image display area 10 a, and the scan line drive circuit 104 is formed along the other edge which is adjacent to the one edge. Meanwhile, a flexible wiring substrate (not shown in the drawing) is connected to the terminals 102, and various potentials and various signals are input to the first substrate 10 through the flexible wiring substrate.

Although details will be described later, in one side surface 10 s and the other side surface 10 t of the first substrate 10, the pixel transistors 30, which are described with reference to FIG. 1, and the pixel electrodes 9 a, which are electrically connected to the pixel transistors 30, are formed in a matrix shape in the image display area 10 a on the side of the one side surface 10 s. An oriented film 16 is formed on the upper layer sides of the pixel electrodes 9 a. On the one side surface 10 s of the first substrate 10, dummy pixel electrodes 9 b, which are simultaneously formed with the pixel electrodes 9 a, are formed in the peripheral area 10 b.

A common electrode 21 is formed on one surface side of the second substrate 20, which faces the first substrate 10, and an oriented film 26 is formed on the surface of the side of the first substrate 10 of the common electrode 21. The common electrode 21 is formed on approximately the entire surface of the second substrate 20. On one surface side of the second substrate 20, which faces the first substrate 10, a light shading layer 108 is formed on the lower layer side of the common electrode 21. In the embodiment, the light shading layer 108 is formed in a frame shape which extends along the outer periphery of the image display area 10 a, and functions as a boundary. The outer periphery of the light shading layer 108 is present in a location with a gap between the inner periphery of the seal material 107 and the outer periphery of the light shading layer 108, and the light shading layer 108 does not overlap the seal material 107. Meanwhile, there is a case in which, in the second substrate 20, the light shading layer 108 is formed as a black matrix section in an area which overlaps the inter-pixel area interposed by adjacent pixel electrodes 9 a. In addition, there is a case in which the second substrate 20 is formed as a lens array substrate on which lenses (micro lenses) facing the plurality of respective pixel electrodes 9 a are formed.

In the first substrate 10 of the liquid crystal panel 100 p, inter-substrate conduction electrodes 109 are formed in areas, which overlap the corner parts of the second substrate 20 on the outer side than the seal material 107, in order to take electrical conduction between the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20. In the inter-substrate conduction electrodes 109, inter-substrate conduction materials 109 a, which include conductive particles, are arranged. The common electrode 21 of the second substrate 20 is electrically connected to the side of the first substrate 10 through the inter-substrate conduction materials 109 a and the inter-substrate conduction electrodes 109. Therefore, common potential is applied to the common electrode 21 from the side of the first substrate 10. The seal material 107 has approximately the same width dimension, and is provided along the outer periphery of the second substrate 20. Therefore, the seal material 107 has an approximately square shape. However, in the areas, which overlap the corner parts of the second substrate 20, the seal material 107 is provided to pass thereinside while avoiding the inter-substrate conduction electrodes 109, and the corner parts of the seal material 107 have approximately arc shapes.

In the electro-optical device 100, when the pixel electrode 9 a and the common electrode 21 are formed of a transparent conductive film, such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), it is possible to form a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus. In contrast, when the common electrode 21 is formed of the transparent conductive film and the pixel electrode 9 a is formed of a reflective conductive film, such as aluminum, it is possible to form a reflection-type liquid crystal apparatus. In a case in which the electro-optical device 100 is reflection type, an image is displayed in such a way that light which is incident from the side of the second substrate 20 is modulated during a time when light is reflected in the substrate on the side of the first substrate 10 and is emitted. In a case in which the electro-optical device 100 is a transmission type, an image is displayed in such a way that light, which is incident from one of the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, is modulated during a time when light passes through and is reflected in the other side substrate. In the embodiment, the electro-optical device 100 is formed as a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus.

It is possible to use the electro-optical device 100 as the color display apparatus of an electronic apparatus, such as a mobile computer or a mobile phone. In this case, a color filter (not shown in the drawing) and a protective film are formed on the second substrate 20. In addition, in the electro-optical device 100, a phase-difference film, a polarizing plate, and the like are arranged for the liquid crystal panel 100 p in a predetermined direction according to the kind of a liquid crystal layer 50 to be used or normal white mode/normal black mode. Further, it is possible to use the electro-optical device 100 as RGB light valves in the projection-type display apparatus (liquid crystal projector) which will be described later. In this case, respective color lights, which are separated through RGB color separation dichroic mirrors, are incident into the respective RGB electro-optical device 100 as projection lights, and thus color filters are not formed.

In the embodiment, a case, in which the electro-optical device 100 is a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus that is used as the RGB light valves in the projection-type display apparatus which will be described later, and light which is incident from the second substrate 20 is emitted after passing through the first substrate 10, will be mainly described. In addition, in the embodiment, a case in which the electro-optical device 100 includes the liquid crystal panel 100 p in a VA mode in which a nematic liquid crystal compound having negative dielectric anisotropy is used as the liquid crystal layer 50, will be mainly described.

Detailed Configuration of Pixel

FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating an aspect of adjacent pixels in the first substrate 10 of the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied. FIG. 5 is a sectional view schematically illustrating an aspect of the pixel of the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied. Meanwhile, FIG. 5 illustrates a state in which the electro-optical device 100 is cut along the conduction parts of the data line 5 a, the source area 1 b of the pixel transistor 30, the scan line 3 a, the pixel electrode 9 a, and the relay electrode 8 a. However, the drain area 1 c of the pixel transistor 30 or the like may be shown in the drawing so as to easily understand the electrical connection relationship between the respective components.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the pixel transistor 30 illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a source electrode 4 a and a first drain electrode 4 b illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 8 is a plan view of the data line 5 a and a second drain electrode 5 b. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the capacity line 6 a illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 10 is a plan view of a capacity electrode 7 a illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the relay electrode 8 a illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG. 12 is a plan view of the pixel electrode 9 a illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Meanwhile, the respective areas in FIGS. 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are illustrated using the following lines. In addition, in FIG. 4, only the outer edge of the pixel electrode 9 a is illustrated, and a refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a is not formed.

FIGS. 4 and 6

Scan line 3 a=thin solid line

Semiconductor layer 1 a=thin and short dotted line

Gate electrode 3 b=thick solid line

FIGS. 4 and 7

Source electrode 4 a and first drain electrode 4 b=thick dashed line

FIGS. 4 and 8

Data line 5 a and second drain electrode 5 b=thin dashed line

FIGS. 4 and 9

Capacity line 6 a=thin two dashed line

FIGS. 4 and 10

Capacity electrode 7 a=thin and long broken line

Dielectric layer 55 e=thick and short broken line

Through hole 44 c and recessed portion 7 e=thin and short broken line

FIGS. 4 and 11

Capacity electrode 8 a=thick two dashed line

Recessed portion 7 e=thin and short broken line

FIGS. 4 and 12

Pixel electrode 9 a (first transparent conductive film 91 a and second transparent conductive film 92 a)=thick and long broken line

Refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a of pixel electrode 9 a=thin dashed line

Schematic Configuration of Pixel 100 a

As illustrated in FIG. 4, the rectangular pixel electrodes 9 a are formed in the plurality of respective pixels 100 a in the first substrate 10. The plurality of pixel electrodes 9 a have the same configuration. One of the plurality of pixel electrodes 9 a is expressed as a first pixel electrode 9 a 1, and pixel electrodes 9 a, which are adjacent to the first pixel electrode 9 a 1, are expressed as second pixel electrodes 9 a 2. The data lines 5 a and the scan lines 3 a are formed along areas, which overlap the vertical and horizontal inter-pixel area 10 f interposed by the adjacent pixel electrodes 9 a (the first pixel electrode 9 a 1 and the second pixel electrodes 9 a 2) of the plurality of pixel electrodes 9 a.

That is, the scan lines 3 a extend along a first inter-pixel area 10 g, which extends in the first direction (X direction), of the inter-pixel area 10 f, and the data lines 5 a extend along a second inter-pixel area 10 h which extends in the second direction (Y direction). Each of the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a linearly extends, and the pixel transistor 30 is formed to correspond to a part in which the data line 5 a crosses the scan line 3 a. Further, in the first substrate 10, various electrodes and wirings, which will be described later, are formed along the inter-pixel area 10 f (the first inter-pixel area 10 g and the second inter-pixel area 10 h). Here, the data line 5 a, the scan line 3 a, and the like are formed of a light shading layer 10 k. Therefore, the light shading layer 10 k, which includes the data line 5 a, the scan line 3 a, various electrodes, and the like, extends along the end portions of the pixel electrode 9 a, and defines the transparent area 9 a 0 (pixel opening) of the pixel electrode 9 a.

As illustrated in FIG. 5, in the first substrate 10, the pixel transistor 30, the pixel electrode 9 a, the oriented film 16, and the like are formed on the surface of the side (one side surface 10 s) of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the transparent substrate main body 10 w, such as a quartz substrate or a glass substrate. In the second substrate 20, the common electrode 21, the oriented film 26, and the like are formed on the surface of the side (one surface side facing the first substrate 10) of the liquid crystal layer 50 of the transparent substrate main body 20 w, such as the quartz substrate or the glass substrate.

Configuration of Pixel Transistor 30

In the first substrate 10, the scan line 3 a, which is formed of a conductive film, such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film or a metal film compound, is formed on the one side surface 10 s of the substrate main body 10 w. In the embodiment, the scan line 3 a is formed of a light shading conductive film, such as a tungsten silicide (WSi_(x)), and functions as a light shading film for the pixel transistor 30.

A transparent underlying insulating film 40, such as a silicon oxide film, is formed on the upper layer side of the scan line 3 a (side opposite to the substrate main body 10 w for the scan line 3 a). The semiconductor layer 1 a of the pixel transistor 30 is formed on the upper layer side of the underlying insulating film 40 (side opposite to the substrate main body 10 w for the underlying insulating film 40). The pixel transistor 30 includes the semiconductor layer 1 a which extends along the data line 5 a, and a gate electrode 3 c which overlaps the central part of the semiconductor layer 1 a in the extend direction (refer to FIG. 6). The pixel transistor 30 includes a transparent gate insulation layer 2 between the semiconductor layer 1 a and the gate electrode 3 c. The semiconductor layer 1 a includes a channel area 1 g which faces the gate electrode 3 c through the gate insulation layer 2, and the source area 1 b and the drain area 1 c on both sides of the channel area 1 g. In the embodiment, the pixel transistor 30 has an LDD structure. Accordingly, the respective source area 1 b and the drain area 1 c include low concentration areas 1 b 1 and 1 c 1 on both sides of the channel area 1 g, and high concentration areas 1 b 2 and 1 c 2 in areas which are adjacent to the low concentration areas 1 b 1 and 1 c 1 on the side opposite to the channel area 1 g.

The semiconductor layer 1 a is formed of a polycrystalline silicon film or the like. The gate insulation layer 2 is formed of, for example, a two-layered structure which includes a first gate insulation layer that is formed of a silicon oxide film acquired by performing thermal oxidation on the semiconductor layer 1 a, and a second gate insulation layer that is formed of a silicon oxide film formed using a CVD method or the like. The gate electrode 3 c is formed of a conductive film, such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film, or a metal film compound, and is electrically conducted to the scan line 3 a through the contact hole 2 a, which passes through the gate insulation layer 2 and the underlying insulating film 40, on both sides of the semiconductor layer 1 a (refer to FIG. 6) The gate electrode 3 c has, for example, a two-layered structure which includes a conductive polysilicon film and a tungsten silicide film. In the embodiment, when light which passes through the electro-optical device 100 is reflected in another member, the scan line 3 a is formed of a light shading conductive film for the purpose of preventing a malfunction, due to photoelectric current, from occurring in the pixel transistor 30 because the reflected light is incident into the semiconductor layer 1 a. However, the scan line 3 a may be formed on the upper layer of the gate insulation layer 2, and a part of the scan line 3 a may be used as the gate electrode 3 c. In this case, the scan line 3 a illustrated in FIG. 5 is formed for the purpose of only light shading.

On the upper layer side of the gate electrode 3 c (between the gate electrode 3 c and the pixel electrode 9 a), a transparent inter-layer insulation film 41 is formed. The inter-layer insulation film 41 includes a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using a plasma CVD method or the like.

On the upper layer side of the inter-layer insulation film 41 (between the inter-layer insulation film 41 and the pixel electrode 9 a), the source electrode 4 a and the first drain electrode 4 b are formed of the same kind of conductive film. The source electrode 4 a and the first drain electrode 4 b are formed of a light shading conductive film such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, metal film, or a metal film compound. In the embodiment, the source electrode 4 a and the first drain electrode 4 b are formed of, for example, a multi-layer film including a titanium (Ti) film, a titanium nitride (TiN) film and an aluminum (Al) film, a multi-layer film including a titanium nitride film and an aluminum film, and the like. The source electrode 4 a is electrically conducted to the source area 1 b through the contact hole 41 a which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 41 and the gate insulation layer 2. The first drain electrode 4 b is electrically conducted to the drain area 1 c through the contact hole 41 b which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 41 and the gate insulation layer 2. The source electrode 4 a extends from a location which overlaps the source area 1 b of the pixel transistor 30 to the second direction Y, and the first drain electrode 4 b extends from a location which overlaps the drain area 1 c of the pixel transistor 30 to the first direction X (refer to FIG. 7).

A transparent inter-layer insulation film 42 is formed on the upper layer side of the source electrode 4 a and the first drain electrode 4 b (between the source electrode 4 a and the pixel electrode 9 a). The inter-layer insulation film 42 includes, for example, a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using a plasma CVD method or the like.

The data line 5 a and the second drain electrode 5 b are formed as the same kind conductive film on the upper layer side of the inter-layer insulation film 42 (between the inter-layer insulation film 42 and the pixel electrode 9 a). The data line 5 a and the second drain electrode 5 b include a light shading conductive film such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film or a metal film compound. In the embodiment, the data line 5 a and the second drain electrode 5 b include, for example, a multi-layer film including a titanium film, a titanium nitride film, and an aluminum film, a multi-layer film including a titanium nitride film and an aluminum film, and the like. The data line 5 a is electrically conducted to the source electrode 4 a through a contact hole 42 a which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 42. The second drain electrode 5 b is electrically conducted to the first drain electrode 4 b through a contact hole 42 b which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 42. The data line 5 a extends in an area which overlaps the second inter-pixel area 10 h from a location which overlaps the source electrode 4 a in the second direction Y. The second drain electrode 5 b extends in an area which overlaps the first inter-pixel area 10 g from a location which overlaps the first drain electrode 4 b in the first direction X, and is electrically conducted to the first drain electrode 4 b through the contact hole 42 b in the approximately central location in the first direction X (refer to FIG. 8). In the embodiment, the surface of the inter-layer insulation film 42 is a flat surface 420 due to chemical-mechanical planarization or the like.

A transparent inter-layer insulation film 43 is formed on the upper layer sides of the data line 5 a and the second drain electrode 5 b (between the data line 5 a and the pixel electrode 9 a). The inter-layer insulation film 43 includes, for example, a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using the plasma CVD method or the like.

Configuration of Maintenance Capacity 55

The capacity line 6 a to which a constant potential is applied is formed on the upper layer of the inter-layer insulation film 43 (between the inter-layer insulation film 43 and the pixel electrode 9 a). The capacity line 6 a includes a light shading conductive film such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film or a metal film compound. In the embodiment, the capacity line 6 a includes, for example, a multi-layer film including a titanium film, a titanium nitride film, and an aluminum film, a multi-layer film including a titanium nitride film and an aluminum film, and the like. The capacity line 6 a includes a main line part 6 a 1 which extends in the second direction Y so as to overlap the data line 5 a in planar view, and a branch line part 6 a 2 which protrudes from the main line part 6 a 1 toward one side X1 of the first direction X so as to overlap the scan line 3 a in planar view, and the width of a part 6 a 3 which is connected to the main line part 6 a 1 at the branch line part 6 a 2 is larger than the width of the tip side (refer to FIG. 9).

A transparent inter-layer insulation film 44 is formed on the upper layer of the capacity line 6 a (between the capacity line 6 a and the pixel electrode 9 a). The inter-layer insulation film 44 includes, for example, a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using the plasma CVD method or the like.

The through hole 44 c, which reaches the capacity line 6 a, is formed in the inter-layer insulation film 44. The through hole 44 c includes a first part 44 c 1 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side Y1 of the second direction Y along the data line 5 a, and a second part 44 c 2 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side X1 of the first direction X along the scan line 3 a (refer to FIG. 10).

The capacity electrode 7 a is provided inside the through hole 44 c, and the capacity electrode 7 a is connected to the capacity line 6 a at the bottom of the through hole 44 c. The capacity electrode 7 a includes a light shading conductive film such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film or a metal film compound. In the embodiment, the capacity electrode 7 a includes, for example, a multi-layer film including a titanium film, a titanium nitride film, and an aluminum film, a multi-layer film including a titanium nitride film and an aluminum film, and the like. The capacity electrode 7 a is formed at the whole bottom and the whole side surface of the through hole 44 c, and is formed up to a part of the surface of the inter-layer insulation film 44. Accordingly, the capacity electrode 7 a has a shape having the recessed portion 7 e to which the through hole 44 c is applied. The capacity electrode 7 a includes a first part 7 a 1 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side Y1 of the second direction Y along the data line 5 a, and overlaps the main line part 6 a 1 of the capacity line 6 a in planar view (refer to FIG. 10). In addition, the capacity electrode 7 a includes a second part 7 a 2 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side X1 of the first direction X along the scan line 3 a, and overlaps the branch line part 6 a 2 of the capacity line 6 a in planar view (refer to FIG. 10). In addition, the width of a part 7 a 3, which is connected to the first part 7 a 1, at the second part 7 a 2 is larger than the width of the tip side (refer to FIG. 10).

A transparent inter-layer insulation film 45 is formed on the upper layer of the capacity electrode 7 a (between the capacity electrode 7 a and the pixel electrode 9 a). The inter-layer insulation film 45 includes, for example, a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using the plasma CVD method or the like. The inter-layer insulation film 45 is not formed in an area which overlaps the through hole 44 c in planar view but is formed only at the part 7 a 3 which is broadly formed in the capacity electrode 7 a (refer to FIG. 10), and the peripheral thereof. In addition, a projection portion 45 e, which protrudes toward the pixel electrode 9 a, is formed at the part which overlaps the part 7 a 3 that is broadly formed in the capacity electrode 7 a in planar view.

A dielectric layer 55 e is formed inside the tip end surface 45 f of the projection portion 45 e and the through hole 44 c. The dielectric layer 55 e is formed at the whole bottom and the whole side surface of the through hole 44 c, and, further, is formed in a range which is wider than the capacity electrode 7 a. It is possible to use a silicon compound, such as a silicon oxide film and a silicon nitride film, as the dielectric layer 55 e. In addition, it is possible to use a high dielectric constant dielectric film, such as an aluminum oxide film, a titanium oxide film, a tantalum oxide film, a niobium oxide film, a hafnium oxide film, a lantern oxide film, or a zirconium oxide film.

A relay electrode 8 a is laminated on the upper layer of the dielectric layer 55 e (between the dielectric layer 55 e and the pixel electrode 9 a), and the relay electrode 8 a is formed on an area which overlaps a part of the surface of the inter-layer insulation film 44. The relay electrode 8 a includes a light shading conductive film such as a conductive polysilicon film, a metal silicide film, a metal film or a metal film compound. In the embodiment, the relay electrode 8 a includes, for example, a multi-layer film including a titanium film, a titanium nitride film, and an aluminum film, a multi-layer film including a titanium nitride film and an aluminum film, and the like. The relay electrode 8 a includes a first part 8 a 1 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side Y1 of the second direction Y along the data line 5 a, and overlaps the first part 7 a 1 of the capacity electrode 7 a in planar view (refer to FIG. 11). In addition, the relay electrode 8 a includes a second part 8 a 2 which extends from the intersection between the data line 5 a and the scan line 3 a to one side X1 of the first direction X along the scan line 3 a, and overlaps the second part 7 a 2 of the capacity electrode 7 a in planar view (refer to FIG. 11). The second part 7 a 2 further extends from a location which overlaps the second part 7 a 2 of the capacity electrode 7 a in planar view to one side X1 of the first direction X, and is electrically conducted to the second drain electrode 5 b through a contact hole 44 b which passes through the inter-layer insulation films 43 and 44 (refer to FIG. 11). In addition, the width of a part 8 a 3 which is connected to the first part 8 a 1 in the second part 8 a 2 is wider than the width on the tip side, and a part of the part 8 a 2 is a conduction section 8 c which overlaps the tip end surface 45 f of the projection portion 45 e of the inter-layer insulation film 45 in planar view (refer to FIG. 11).

The relay electrode 8 a overlaps the capacity electrode 7 a at the whole bottom and the whole side surface of the through hole 44 c in planar view. In addition, the dielectric layer 55 e is laminated between the relay electrode 8 a and the capacity electrode 7 a. Accordingly, the relay electrode 8 a, the dielectric layer 55 e, and the capacity electrode 7 a form the maintenance capacity 55 at the whole bottom and the whole side surface of the through hole 44 c. According to the configuration, it is possible to provide the maintenance capacity 55 having high electrostatic capacitance in a narrow area.

Configuration of Conduction Parts of Relay Electrode 8 a And Pixel Electrode 9 a

A transparent inter-layer insulation film 46 (first insulation film) is formed between the relay electrode 8 a and the pixel electrode 9 a. The inter-layer insulation film 46 includes, for example, a silicon oxide film or the like which is formed using the plasma CVD method or the like. A flat surface 460, which exposes the conduction section 8 c on the side of the pixel electrode 9 a, is formed on the inter-layer insulation film 46, and the conduction section 8 c is exposed in the opening 46 a of the flat surface 460. Accordingly, the pixel electrode 9 a comes into contact with the conduction section 8 c which is exposed in the opening 46 a.

In the embodiment, a transparent insulation film 47 (second insulation film) is formed between the inter-layer insulation film 46 and the pixel electrode 9 a. An opening 47 a, which overlaps, at least, a part of the exposure part of the conduction section 8 c from the flat surface 460, is formed in the inter-layer insulation film 47, and the pixel electrode 9 a comes into contact with the conduction section 8 c inside the opening 46 a of the inter-layer insulation film 46 and inside the opening 47 a. The film thickness t of the insulation film 47 is thinner than the height h of the projection portion 45 e of the inter-layer insulation film 45. Therefore, the depth of the opening 47 a is shallow. In addition, a surface on a side opposite to the substrate main body 10 w of the insulation film 47 (surface on the side of the pixel electrode 9 a) is a flat surface 470. In the embodiment, the insulation film 47 includes a boron-doped silicate glass and the like.

Configuration of Pixel Electrode 9 a

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 12, the pixel electrode 9 a includes a lamination film (Index Matched ITO (IMITO) film) in which the refractive index adjusting dielectric film is laminated between the plurality of transparent conductive films. In the embodiment, the pixel electrode 9 a has a three-layered structure in which a first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and a second transparent conductive film 92 a are sequentially laminated. Therefore, when the respective refractive indexes and the film thicknesses of the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are adjusted, it is possible to suppress the dispersion of the wavelength of light in the pixel electrode 9 a.

In the embodiment, the pixel electrode 9 a includes a connection section 99 which electrically connects the first transparent conductive film 91 a to the second transparent conductive film 92 a in a location which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k such as the scan line 3 a, the data line 5 a, and the capacity line 6 a, which are described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 10, in planar view. More specifically, first, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are formed in the same area, and are overlapped in the same shape in planar view. In addition, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are formed in a wider range than the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and projects from the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a in a location which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view. Accordingly, the first transparent conductive film 91 a comes into contact with and is electrically conducted to the second transparent conductive film 92 a in the connection section 99 which includes the projecting parts 91 e and 92 e from the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a. In the embodiment, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a project from the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a over the entire periphery of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a. Accordingly, the connection section 99 is provided to surround over the entire periphery of refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a. Meanwhile, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a is not formed in the area which overlaps the connection part (opening 47 a) of the pixel electrode 9 a and the conduction section 8 c in planar view.

Method of Manufacturing Electro-Optical Device 100

A process of manufacturing the first substrate 10 of a process of manufacturing the electro-optical device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 to 16. FIGS. 13 to 16 are process sectional views illustrating a method of manufacturing the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied. Meanwhile, FIGS. 14 to 16 illustrate only the sides of upper layers of the data line 5 a.

In a pixel transistor forming process ST1 illustrated in FIG. 13, the inter-layer insulation film 41, the source electrode 4 a, and the first drain electrode 4 b are formed after the pixel transistor 30 is formed. Subsequently, in a data line forming process ST2, the contact holes 42 a and 42 b are formed after the inter-layer insulation film 42 is formed, and then the data line 5 a and the second drain electrode 5 b are formed. Subsequently, in a capacity line forming process ST3, the capacity line 6 a is formed after the inter-layer insulation film 43 is formed.

Subsequently, in an inter-layer insulation film forming process ST4 illustrated in FIG. 14, the through hole 44 c is formed in the inter-layer insulation film 44 in a through hole forming process ST5 after the inter-layer insulation film 44 is formed. At this time, the contact hole 44 b, which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 44 and the inter-layer insulation film 43, is formed. Subsequently, in a capacity electrode forming process ST6, the conductive film is patterned and the capacity electrode 7 a is formed after the conductive film is formed.

Subsequently, after the inter-layer insulation film 45 is formed in an inter-layer insulation film forming process ST7, the inter-layer insulation film 45 is etched and the inter-layer insulation film 45 is removed from the area, in which the through hole 44 c is formed, in a projection portion forming process ST8. At this time, if necessary, a mask forming process and etching are performed in a plurality of times, and the projection portion 45 e which protrudes toward a side opposite to the substrate main body 10 w is formed in the inter-layer insulation film 45. Meanwhile, after an etching mask is formed through a photo lithography process using a halftone mask, etching may be performed and the inter-layer insulation film 45, which includes the projection portion 45 e, may be formed.

Subsequently, in a maintenance capacity forming process ST9 illustrated in FIG. 15, after the dielectric film is formed, the dielectric film is patterned, and the dielectric layer 55 e is formed. Subsequently, after the conductive film is formed, the conductive film is patterned, and the relay electrode 8 a is formed. Meanwhile, after the dielectric layer 55 e is formed, the contact hole 44 b, which passes through the inter-layer insulation film 44 and the inter-layer insulation film 43, may be formed.

Subsequently, in an inter-layer insulation film forming process ST10, the inter-layer insulation film 46, which includes a silicon oxide film or the like, is formed. Subsequently, in a planarization process ST11, a planarization process, such as chemical-mechanical planarization, is performed on the inter-layer insulation film 46, and the surface of the inter-layer insulation film 46 becomes the flat surface 460. As a result, the conduction section 8 c is exposed from the flat surface 460, and the conduction section 8 c forms a plane which is continued to the flat surface 460. Subsequently, in an insulation film forming process ST12, the insulation film 47, which includes a boron-doped silicate glass or the like, is formed. The insulation film 47 is formed on the flat surface 460 of the inter-layer insulation film 46 and the surface of the conduction section 8 c, and thus the surface of the insulation film 47 is the flat surface 470. Subsequently, in an opening forming process ST13, the opening 47 a is formed in a location which overlaps the conduction section 8 c of the insulation film 47 in planar view.

Subsequently, a pixel electrode forming process illustrated in FIG. 16 is performed. In the pixel electrode forming process, a first transparent conductive film 91 is formed on the surface (flat surface 470) of the insulation film 47 in a first process ST14. Subsequently, in a second process ST15, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96, which includes a silicon oxide film, an aluminum oxide film, and the like, is laminated on the surface (side opposite to the substrate main body 10 w) of the first transparent conductive film 91. Thereafter, in a third process ST16, an area, which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k that is described with reference to FIG. 4 in planar view, is etched in the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96, and the first transparent conductive film 96 is partially exposed in the area which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view. As a result, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a remains in the area (the transparent area 9 a 0 illustrated in FIG. 4) which is surrounded by the light shading layer 10 k. At this time, etching of high etching selectivity is performed on the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a and the first transparent conductive film 91, and the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 is etched using the first transparent conductive film 91 as an etching stopper.

Subsequently, in a fourth process ST17, a second transparent conductive film 92 is laminated on a side opposite to the surface (substrate main body 10 w) of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a. As a result, a connection section 99, which connects the first transparent conductive film 91 to the second transparent conductive film 92, is formed at the exposure part from the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a of the first transparent conductive film 91. That is, in the first transparent conductive film 91 and the second transparent conductive film 92, the projecting parts 91 e and 92 e from the end portion 96 e of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a overlap to be connected to each other, and the connection section 99 is formed.

Subsequently, in a fifth process ST18, the first transparent conductive film 91 and the second transparent conductive film 92 are patterned such that the part, which overlaps at least the transparent area 9 a 0 in planar view, and the connection section 99 remain. In the embodiment, in the fifth process, the first transparent conductive film 91 and the second transparent conductive film 92 are etched using a common etching mask, the first transparent conductive film 91 and the second transparent conductive film 92 are patterned in the same shape. As a result, the pixel electrode 9 a is formed by the lamination film in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are sequentially laminated. Thereafter, as illustrated in FIG. 5, when the oriented film 16 is formed on the surface of the pixel electrode 9 a, the first substrate 10 is completed.

According to the manufacturing method, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are formed by etching the first transparent conductive film 91 and the second transparent conductive film 92 using the common etching mask, and thus there is an advantage in that productivity is high. In addition, when the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 is etched in the third process ST16, the first transparent conductive film 91 is used as the etching stopper. Therefore, it is possible to securely remove the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 from the area which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view. Accordingly, in the connection section 99, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are securely conducted.

Primary Effect of Embodiment

As described above, the pixel electrode 9 a includes the lamination film in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are laminated, and thus it is possible to suppress the dispersion of the wavelength of light which passes through the pixel electrode 9 a. In addition, in the pixel electrode 9 a, the connection section 99 which connects the first transparent conductive film 91 a to the second transparent conductive film 92 a is provided, and thus it is possible to apply the same potential as the first transparent conductive film 91 a to the second transparent conductive film 92 a. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply a high drive voltage to the pixel electrode 9 a, and thus it is possible to properly drive the liquid crystal layer 50. In addition, the connection section 99 is provided in the area which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view, and thus a situation, in which the connection section 99 reduces the amount of light that passes through the pixel electrode 9 a, does not easily occur.

In addition, the connection section 99 includes the parts of the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a, which protrude to be connected to the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a. Therefore, the connection section 99 is provided at the end portion of the pixel electrode 9 a, and thus it is easy to provide the connection section 99 in the area which overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view. In addition, the connection section 99 is provided to surround the periphery of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and thus it is possible to reduce the electrical resistance of the entire pixel electrode 9 a.

In addition, the relay electrode 8 a includes the conduction section 8 c which overlaps the projection portion 45 e of the inter-layer insulation film 45, and the pixel electrode 9 a comes into contact with the conduction section 8 c of the relay electrode 8 a which is exposed from the surface (flat surface 460) of the inter-layer insulation film 46. Therefore, a large uneven part is hardly generated on the surface of the pixel electrode 9 a. In addition, the insulation film 47 having a film thickness t which is thinner than the height h of the projection portion 45 e is formed on the surface (flat surface 460) of the inter-layer insulation film 46, and the pixel electrode 9 a is electrically conducted to the conduction section 8 c through the opening 47 a of the insulation film 47. Therefore, a surface which is exposed from the pixel electrode 9 a is the insulation film 47 which includes the boron-doped silicate glass. Accordingly, it is possible to adsorb and maintain moisture, which intrudes in the way of the manufacturing process, and moisture, which exists in the liquid crystal layer 50, using the insulation film 47, and thus it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the liquid crystal layer 50 due to moisture. In addition, it is possible to cause the part, which overlaps the pixel electrode 9 a in the insulation film 47 in planar view, to function as the refractive index adjusting dielectric film that suppresses the dispersion of the wavelength of light. In this case, the opening 47 a is shallow, and thus a large uneven part is hardly generated on the surface of the pixel electrode 9 a. In addition, even when the insulation film 47 is not formed and the inter-layer insulation film 46 is formed of the boron-doped silicate glass or the like, the deterioration of the liquid crystal layer 50 can be performed due to moisture. However, in the case of the boron-doped silicate glass, the film thickness easily varies, and thus variation easily occurs in a process of exposing the conduction section 8 c by performing the chemical-mechanical planarization on the inter-layer insulation film 46. However, in the embodiment, the thin insulation film 47, which includes the boron-doped silicate glass or the like, is formed between the inter-layer insulation film 46 and the pixel electrode 9 a, and thus it is possible to perform the deterioration of the liquid crystal layer 50 due to moisture by the insulation film 47 and it is possible to stably perform the process of exposing the conduction section 8 c by performing the chemical-mechanical planarization on the inter-layer insulation film 46 which includes a silicon oxide film or the like.

In addition, the projection portion 45 e overlaps the capacity electrode 7 a in planar view. Therefore, it is possible to use the thickness or the like of the capacity electrode 7 a to form the projection portion 45 e.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 1

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a Modification Example 1 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. Meanwhile, the basic configurations of both the example and Modification Examples, which will be described later, are the same as the embodiment which is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 16, and thus the same reference symbols are attached to common parts and the description thereof will not be repeated.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the pixel electrode 9 a has the three-layered structure of the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and the second transparent conductive film 92 a. In contrast, in the embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 17, the pixel electrode 9 a has a four-layered structure in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, and the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a are sequentially laminated.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 2

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 2 of an electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. As illustrated in FIG. 18, the pixel electrode 9 a has a five-layered structure in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a, and the third transparent conductive film 93 a are sequentially laminated. Here, the refractive index adjusting dielectric films 96 a and 97 a have the same plane shape. In addition, the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, and the third transparent conductive film 93 a have the same plane shape. In the connection section 99, the projecting part 91 e of the first transparent conductive film 91 a, which projects from the end portion 96 e of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, is connected to the projecting part 92 e of the second transparent conductive film 92 a. In addition, in the connection section 99, the projecting part 92 e of the second transparent conductive film 92 a, which projects from the end portion 97 e of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a, is connected to the projecting part 93 e of the third transparent conductive film 93 a.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 3

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 3 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, the pixel electrode 9 a is formed on the surface of the insulation film 47. In contrast, in the embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 19, the insulation film 47 is not formed and the pixel electrode 9 a is formed on the flat surface 460 of the inter-layer insulation film 46. Here, the pixel electrode 9 a has the three-layered structure of the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, and the second transparent conductive film 92 a.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 4

FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 4 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. As illustrated in FIG. 20, in the embodiment, the insulation film 47 is not formed and the pixel electrode 9 a is formed on the flat surface 460 of the inter-layer insulation film 46, similar to Modification Example 3. Here, the pixel electrode 9 a has the four-layered structure in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, and the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a are sequentially laminated.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 5

FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 5 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. As illustrated in FIG. 21, in the embodiment, the insulation film 47 is not formed and the pixel electrode 9 a is formed on the flat surface 460 of the inter-layer insulation film 46, similar to Modification Example 3. Here, the pixel electrode 9 a has the five-layered structure in which the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a, and the third transparent conductive film 93 a are sequentially laminated. Here, the refractive index adjusting dielectric films 96 a and 97 a have the same plane shape. In addition, the first transparent conductive film 91 a, the second transparent conductive film 92 a, and the third transparent conductive film 93 a have the same plane shape. In the connection section 99, the projecting part 91 e of the first transparent conductive film 91 a, which projects from the end portion 96 e of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, is connected to the projecting part 92 e of the second transparent conductive film 92 a. In addition, in the connection section 99, the projecting part 92 e of the second transparent conductive film 92 a, which projects from the end portion 97 e of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 97 a, is connected to the projecting part 93 e of the third transparent conductive film 93 a.

MODIFICATION EXAMPLE 6

FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram of Modification Example 6 of the electro-optical device to which the invention is applied. As illustrated in FIG. 22, in the embodiment, the relay electrode 8 a includes the conduction section 8 c which overlaps the projection portion, and the pixel electrode 9 a comes into contact with the conduction section 8 c of the relay electrode 8 a which is exposed from the surface (flat surface 460) of the inter-layer insulation film 46, similar to the embodiment. In the embodiment, the projection portion 7 f is formed by the capacity electrode 7 a which is formed on the surface of the side of the pixel electrode 9 a of the inter-layer insulation film 44, and the relay electrode 8 a overlaps the tip end surface 7 g of the projection portion 7 f in planar view. In the embodiment, in the projection portion 7 f, the dielectric layer 55 e is laminated on the surface of the side of the pixel electrode 9 a of the capacity electrode 7 a, and forms a part of the maintenance capacity 55. Accordingly, in the embodiment, the inter-layer insulation film 45 illustrated in FIG. 5 is not formed.

In the configuration, similar to the above-described embodiment, a large uneven part is hardly generated on the surface of the pixel electrode 9 a. In addition, the insulation film 47 having the film thickness t which is thinner than the height h of the projection portion 7 f is formed on the surface (flat surface 460) of the inter-layer insulation film 46, and the pixel electrode 9 a is electrically conducted to the conduction section 8 c through the opening 47 a of the insulation film 47. Therefore, a surface, which is exposed from the pixel electrode 9 a, is the insulation film 47 which includes a boron-doped silicate glass. Accordingly, it is possible to adsorb and maintain moisture, which intrudes in the way of the manufacturing process, and moisture, which exists in the liquid crystal layer 50, using the insulation film 47, and thus effects similar to those of the above-described embodiment are acquired.

In addition, in the embodiment, the inter-layer insulation film 45 which is illustrated in FIG. 5 is not formed, and thus it is not necessary to etch the inter-layer insulation film 45 on the upper layer (side of the pixel electrode 9 a) of the capacity electrode 7 a into a predetermined shape. Therefore, the residues of insulation properties, acquired when the inter-layer insulation film 45 is etched, hardly remain in the recessed portion 7 e of the capacity electrode 7 a. Accordingly, it is possible to properly form the maintenance capacity 55 using the inside of the recessed portion 7 e.

OTHER EMBODIMENT

In the above-described embodiment, in the pixel electrode 9 a, the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a are projected from the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a to be connected to each other. However, if the connection section 99 overlaps the light shading layer 10 k in planar view, a contact hole, which is formed in a location other than the end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film 96 a, may be the connection section 99 between the first transparent conductive film 91 a and the second transparent conductive film 92 a.

In the above-described embodiment, the three-layered structure, the four-layered structure, and the five-layered structure are exemplified as the pixel electrode 9 a. However, the invention may be applied to a case in which the pixel electrode 9 a is formed by a lamination film having six or more layers.

In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the invention is applied to the electro-optical device 100 is described. However, the invention may be applied to an electro-optical device 100, such as an organic electroluminescence apparatus or an electrophoretic display panel, other than the liquid crystal apparatus.

Example of Configuration of Electronic Apparatus

Configuration of Projection-Type Display Apparatus

FIG. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating an aspect of a projection-type display apparatus 110 (electronic apparatus) using the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied. Meanwhile, in the description below, a plurality of electro-optical devices 100, to which light having different wavelength regions is supplied, are used. However, the electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied is used for all of the electro-optical devices 100.

The projection-type display apparatus 110 illustrated in FIG. 23 is a liquid crystal projector using the transmission-type electro-optical device 100, and displays an image by irradiating light to a projecting member which includes a screen 111 or the like. The projection-type display apparatus 110 includes, along an optical axis L of the apparatus, a lighting device 160, a plurality of electro-optical devices 100 (liquid crystal light valves 115 to 117) to which light emitted from the lighting device 160 is supplied, a cross dichroic prism 119 (photosynthetic optical system) which synthesizes and emits light that is emitted from the plurality of electro-optical devices 100, and a projection optical system 118 which projects light synthesized by the cross dichroic prism 119. In addition, the projection-type display apparatus 110 includes dichroic mirrors 113 and 114, and a relay system 120. In the projection-type display apparatus 110, the electro-optical device 100 and the cross dichroic prism 119 form an optical unit 200.

In the lighting device 160, along the optical axis L of the apparatus, a light source section 161, a first integrator lens 162, such as a fly-eye lens, which includes a lens array, a second integrator lens 163, such as a fly-eye lens, which includes a lens array, a polarized light conversion element 164, and a condenser lens 165 are sequentially arranged. The light source section 161 includes a light source 168 which emits white light including red light R, green light G and blue light B, and a reflector 169. The light source 168 is formed of an extra-high pressure mercury lamp or the like, and the reflector 169 includes a parabolic cross section. The first integrator lens 162 and the second integrator lens 163 equalize the illuminance distribution of light emitted from the light source section 161. The polarized light conversion element 164 causes light emitted from the light source section 161 to be polarized light which has a specific vibration direction similar to, for example, s-polarized light.

A dichroic mirror 113 causes red light R, which is included in light emitted from the lighting device 160, to pass therethrough, and reflects green light G and blue light B. A dichroic mirror 114 causes blue light B of green light G and blue light B, which are reflected in the dichroic mirror 113, to pass therethrough, and reflects green light G. As above, the dichroic mirrors 113 and 114 form a color separation optical system which separates light emitted from the lighting device 160 into red light R, green light G, and blue light B.

A liquid crystal light valve 115 is a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus that modulates red light R, which passes through the dichroic mirror 113 and is reflected in a reflection mirror 123, according to an image signal. The liquid crystal light valve 115 includes a λ/2 phase difference plate 115 a, a first polarizing plate 115 b, an electro-optical device 100 (red electro-optical device 100R), and a second polarizing plate 115 d. Here, even when red light R, which is incident into the liquid crystal light valve 115, passes through the dichroic mirror 113, polarized light is not changed, and thus s-polarized light is not changed.

The λ/2 phase difference plate 115 a is an optical element that converts s-polarized light which is incident into the liquid crystal light valve 115 into p-polarized light. The first polarizing plate 115 b is a polarizing plate that cuts off s-polarized light and causes p-polarized light to pass therethrough. The electro-optical device 100 (red electro-optical device 100R) is formed to convert p-polarized light into s-polarized light (in a case of halftone, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light) through modulation according to the image signal. The second polarizing plate 115 d is a polarizing plate that cuts off p-polarized light and causes s-polarized light to pass therethrough. Accordingly, the liquid crystal light valve 115 modulates red light R according to the image signal, and emits modulated red light R toward the cross dichroic prism 119. The λ/2 phase difference plate 115 a and the first polarizing plate 115 b are arranged in a state in which the λ/2 phase difference plate 115 a and the first polarizing plate 115 b come into contact with a transparent glass plate 115 e which does not convert polarized light, and it is possible to prevent distortion of the λ/2 phase difference plate 115 a and the first polarizing plate 115 b due to the generation of heat.

A liquid crystal light valve 116 is a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus that modulates green light G, which is reflected in the dichroic mirror 114 after being reflected in the dichroic mirror 113, according to the image signal. The liquid crystal light valve 116 includes a first polarizing plate 116 b, an electro-optical device 100 (green electro-optical device 100G), and a second polarizing plate 116 d, similar to the liquid crystal light valve 115. Green light G, which is incident into the liquid crystal light valve 116, is s-polarized light which is reflected in and incident into the dichroic mirrors 113 and 114. The first polarizing plate 116 b is a polarizing plate that cuts off p-polarized light and causes s-polarized light to pass therethrough. The electro-optical device 100 (green electro-optical device 100G) is formed to convert s-polarized light into p-polarized light (in a case of halftone, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light) through modulation according to the image signal. The second polarizing plate 116 d is a polarizing plate that cuts off s-polarized light and causes p-polarized light to pass therethrough. Accordingly, the liquid crystal light valve 116 modulates green light G according to the image signal, and emits modulated green light G toward the cross dichroic prism 119.

The liquid crystal light valve 117 is a transmission-type liquid crystal apparatus that modulates blue light B, which is reflected in the dichroic mirror 113 and passes through the relay system 120 after passing through the dichroic mirror 114, according to the image signal. The liquid crystal light valve 117 includes a λ/2 phase difference plate 117 a, a first polarizing plate 117 b, an electro-optical device 100 (blue electro-optical device 100B), and a second polarizing plate 117 d, similar to the liquid crystal light valves 115 and 116. Blue light B, which is incident into the liquid crystal light valve 117, is reflected in the two reflection mirrors 125 a and 125 b of the relay system 120 after being reflected in the dichroic mirror 113 and passing through the dichroic mirror 114, and thus blue light B is s-polarized light.

The λ/2 phase difference plate 117 a is an optical element that converts s-polarized light, which is incident into the liquid crystal light valve 117, into p-polarized light. The first polarizing plate 117 b is a polarizing plate that cuts off s-polarized light and causes p-polarized light to pass therethrough. The electro-optical device 100 (blue electro-optical device 100B) is formed to convert p-polarized light into s-polarized light (in a case of halftone, circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light) through modulation according to the image signal. The second polarizing plate 117 d is a polarizing plate that cuts off p-polarized light and causes s-polarized light to pass therethrough. Accordingly, the liquid crystal light valve 117 modulates blue light B according to the image signal, and emits modulated blue light B toward the cross dichroic prism 119. Meanwhile, the λ/2 phase difference plate 117 a and the first polarizing plate 117 b are arranged in a state in which the λ/2 phase difference plate 117 a and the first polarizing plate 117 b come into contact with a glass plate 117 e.

The relay system 120 includes relay lenses 124 a and 124 b and reflection mirrors 125 a and 125 b. The relay lenses 124 a and 124 b are provided to prevent optical loss due to long optical path of blue light B. The relay lens 124 a is arranged between the dichroic mirror 114 and the reflection mirror 125 a. The relay lens 124 b is arranged between the reflection mirrors 125 a and 125 b. The reflection mirror 125 a reflects blue light B, which passes through the dichroic mirror 114 and is emitted from the relay lens 124 a, toward the relay lens 124 b. The reflection mirror 125 b reflects blue light B, which is emitted from the relay lens 124 b, toward the liquid crystal light valve 117.

The cross dichroic prism 119 is a color synthesis optical system in which two dichroic films 119 a and 119 b are perpendicularly arranged in an X-shape. The dichroic film 119 a is a film which reflects blue light B and causes green light G to pass therethrough, and the dichroic film 119 b is a film which reflects red light R and causes green light G to pass therethrough. Accordingly, the cross dichroic prism 119 synthesizes red light R, green light G, and blue light B which are modulated in respective liquid crystal light valves 115 to 117, and emits synthesized light toward the projection optical system 118.

Meanwhile, light which is emitted to the cross dichroic prism 119 from the liquid crystal light valves 115 and 117 is s-polarized light, and light which is emitted to the cross dichroic prism 119 from the liquid crystal light valve 116 is p-polarized light. As above, when light which is emitted to the cross dichroic prism 119 is converted into different types of polarized light, it is possible to synthesize light which is emitted from each of the liquid crystal light valves 115 to 117 in the cross dichroic prism 119. Here, generally, the dichroic films 119 a and 119 b are excellent in reflectance properties of s-polarized light. Therefore, it is assumed that red light R and blue light B which are reflected in the dichroic films 119 a and 119 b are s-polarized light and green light G which passes through the dichroic films 119 a and 119 b is p-polarized light. The projection optical system 118 includes projection lenses (not shown in the drawing), and projects light which is synthesized in the cross dichroic prism 119 on to a projection member such as the screen 111.

Other Projection-Type Display Apparatuses

In the projection-type display apparatus, the transmission-type electro-optical device 100 is used. However, the projection-type display apparatus may be configured using a reflection-type electro-optical device 100. In addition, in the projection-type display apparatus, configuration may be made such that an LED light source, which emits light of the respective colors, or the like is used as the light source section and light of the respective colors emitted from the LED light source is supplied to another liquid crystal apparatus.

Other Electronic Apparatus

The electro-optical device 100 to which the invention is applied may be used as a direct viewing type display apparatus in an electronic apparatus, such as a mobile phone, a portable information terminal (Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)), a digital camera, a liquid crystal television, a car navigation apparatus, a video phone, a POS terminal, and an apparatus which includes a touch panel, in addition to the electronic apparatus.

This application claims priority to Japan Patent Application No. 2015-127422 filed Jun. 25, 2015, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An electro-optical device comprising: a transparent substrate; a transparent pixel electrode over the substrate; a light shading layer between the substrate and the pixel electrode, the light shading layer defines a transparent area of the pixel electrode; a projection portion that protrudes toward a side of the pixel electrode between the pixel electrode and the substrate; a relay electrode that includes a conduction section which overlaps a tip end surface of the projection portion; and a first insulation film that includes a flat surface which is provided on a side opposite to the substrate for the relay electrode and exposes the conduction section to a side opposite to the substrate, wherein the pixel electrode includes, at least, a first transparent conductive film, a refractive index adjusting dielectric film on the first transparent conductive film, a second transparent conductive film on the refractive index adjusting dielectric film, a connection section that electrically connects the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film in a portion that overlaps the light shading layer in planar view, and the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film are disposed in the transparent area, and the pixel electrode comes into contact with an exposure part of the conduction section from the flat surface.
 2. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein the connection section is a part at which the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film project from an end portion of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film and come into contact with each other.
 3. The electro-optical device according to claim 2, wherein the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film are provided to be the same shape.
 4. The electro-optical device according to claim 2, wherein the connection section is provided to surround a periphery of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film.
 5. The electro-optical device according to claim 1 further comprising: a second insulation film that is laminated on a side of the first insulation film that is opposite to the substrate with a film thickness, which is thinner than a height of the projection portion, and that is formed with an opening which overlaps the conduction section in planar view, wherein the pixel electrode is electrically conducted to the conduction section through the opening.
 6. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, further comprising: a capacity electrode which is provided to overlap the relay electrode in planar view, and to which a constant potential is applied; and a dielectric layer which is laminated between the relay electrode and the capacity electrode.
 7. The electro-optical device according to claim 6, wherein the projection portion overlaps the capacity electrode in planar view.
 8. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 1. 9. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 2. 10. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 3. 11. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 4. 12. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 5. 13. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 6. 14. An electronic apparatus comprising the electro-optical device according to any one of claim
 7. 15. The electronic apparatus according to claim 8, comprising: a light source section that emits illumination light which is irradiated into the electro-optical device; and a projection optical system that projects light which is modulated by the electro-optical device.
 16. A method of manufacturing an electro-optical device which includes a transparent substrate; a transparent pixel electrode that is provided on one surface side of the substrate; a light shading layer that is provided between the substrate and the pixel electrode and defines a transparent area of the pixel electrode; a projection portion that protrudes toward a side of the pixel electrode between the pixel electrode and the substrate; a relay electrode that includes a conduction section which overlaps a tip end surface of the projection portion; and a first insulation film that includes a flat surface which is provided on a side opposite to the substrate for the relay electrode and exposes the conduction section to a side opposite to the substrate, wherein the pixel electrode comes into contact with an exposure part of the conduction section from the flat surface, wherein a process of forming the pixel electrode includes, at least, forming a first transparent conductive film on the substrate; laminating a refractive index adjusting dielectric film on a side of the first transparent conductive film that is opposite to the substrate; partially exposing the first transparent conductive film by etching an area of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film that overlaps the light shading layer in planar view; laminating a second transparent conductive film on a side of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film that is opposite to the substrate, and providing a connection section which connects the first transparent conductive film to the second transparent conductive film at an exposure part of the first transparent conductive film where the area of the refractive index adjusting dielectric film is etched to partially expose the first transparent conductive film; patterning the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film such that a part of the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film, which overlaps at least the transparent area in planar view, and the connection section remain.
 17. The method of manufacturing an electro-optical device according to claim 16, wherein the patterning includes patterning the first transparent conductive film and the second transparent conductive film to be the same shape.
 18. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, further comprising: an oriented film over the substrate, wherein the oriented film is in contact with the pixel electrode. 